Piergiorgio Cipriano
GI/SDI Project Manager
Sinergis
Italy

Abstract
Smart Meters and CityGML for Energy Efficiency in Buildings

In 2020, the worldwide consumption of energy will be 630 quadrillion British Thermal Units (BTU, or 2.4 quadrillion kWh), and in 2040 it will rise to 820 quadrillion BTU (http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ieo/).
The residential sector alone represents 13% of the total delivered energy consumption (60 quadrillion BTU predicted); in 2020, 87 trillion kWh of electricity and 630 billion cubic meters of natural gas will be require: this means a rough estimated cost of € 15 trillion for electricity and some 284 billion for natural gas (http://www.energy.eu). The energy delivered is measured at real estate unit level while the energy performance is measured at building level. Therefore, there is a need to detail the estimation of energy performances at building level, with open and interoperable geodata together with information from smart metering systems. This scenario is part of the Sunshine project (Smart UrbaN ServIces for Higher eNergy Efficiency, http://www.sunshineproject.eu/), a 3-years R&D project started in 2013 and co-funded by the European Commission. Its main purpose is to deliver an extensible open toolkit of smart services for energy assessment of buildings at urban scale, to facilitate the assessment of consumption in future high-energy efficiency buildings (http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/buildings/buildings_en.htm). CityGML is the data model chosen for implementing 3D buildings: a new “Energy” Application Domain Extension (ADE) will be defined in order to describe the energy-related properties of buildings (i.e. age/type/use; indoor climate profiles; thermal properties; heating/cooling systems), starting from the existing GeoBIM ADE. Data related to buildings will be provided by cadastral registers, with linked information derived from municipal register (e.g. records of building permits) as well as from topographic databases at local scales. Data for the real consumption of energy (heating/cooling) will be provided by smart meters; these data will be used to compute the operational energy certification of buildings, to improve performances and reduce costs.