Bio
Bas Kok is Associate Professor and Director of the Delft University of Technology Knowledge Centre Open Geo Data. He is the Past-President of the Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Association (GSDI), which he helped to co-found in 1996. From 1994 until 2007, Bas Kok acted as the Director of the Netherlands Council for Geo-information (Ravi),In 1994, Mr. Kok co-founded the European Umbrella Organisation for Geographic Information (EUROGI) for which he was Vice President from 1994 to 1998. He worked on the European Commission’s initiative GI 2000, which led to the INSPIRE project to develop a European Geo Information Infrastructure.. He is one of the initiators of the Dutch ‘Space for Geo-Information’ (‘Ruimte voor Geo-informatie’) programme, a EURO 40 million Dutch Geo Information Infrastructure Innovation initiative supported by the Dutch Government and 150 partners in the Geo Information Sector. This programme stands at the forefront of knowledge-development and innovation for the national geo-information infrastructure in The Netherlands. From 2007 until July 2011, Bas Kok acted as the Director of International Affairs for the Cadastre, Land Registry and Mapping Agency in the Netherlands.

Abstract
The accurate use of governance abilities and well-functioning National Spatial Data Infrastructures are key elements for an adequate legal, organizational and institutional national spatial planning system. I will illustrate this statement with an example of how the Dutch spatial planning authorities are using key elements of the Dutch National Spatial Data Infrastructure to prepare, to establish and to execute spatial planning at local, provincial and national levels. During the conversion process over the last ten years of the Dutch legal spatial planning system, geo spatial planning experts and authorities have made use of geo information policy instruments as laid down in the Dutch National Spatial Data Infrastructure system to optimize the exchange of digital spatial plans among municipalities, provinces and the Ministry of Spatial Planning. This successful approach became part of the new Spatial Planning Legislation Act that came into force on January 1st 2010. The impact was more effectiveness in the decision process by responsible geo spatial planning authorities and more transparency to citizens during the preparation and design phase of the spatial planning process.

Abstract
The potential tragedy of the market: the spatial information imperative in administering land, water and carbon
Unbundling of interests in land and resources, and development of complex commodities, have opened up new economic activities. New markets have emerged to effectively allocate and manage scare resources such as water, the natural environment, and carbon. New markets involve new taxable commodities and transactions, and changes to the availability and supply of money in the economy. Effective fiscal and monetary policies, to manage these new markets will need national, authoritative market information. In Australia, current state based administrative arrangements make it difficult for central governments to access, in a timely manner, the information required to manage markets in land. The Property Market Tree and information flow lifecycle can be used to study and map the flow of tenure (ownership) and value (market transaction) information. Here, the framework is applied to three state land agencies in Australia and two federal policy departments (ATO & RBA). The focus is on carbon and water trading regimes. Results of the study show that these new markets do not possess the strong administrative institutions associated with traditional land administration. Moreover, the new markets are not tied to traditional land administration and associated information repositories: a new breed of ‘silo’-like approaches appears to be emerging. Information asymmetries resulting in poorly functioning markets is the likely outcome. New options for enabling more cohesive and integrated land, water and carbon information flow needs to be explored.

Abstract
Consolidation and Distribution of Infrastructure Data Using Geospatial PDF
Given the many varied software and data formats in use for infrastructure design and maintenance, it is almost impossible to effectively share this information, particularly in an emergency. There is, however, a format that has been expressly deigned for this role – the geospatial PDF and PDF/E, as defined in ISO 32000. This format specifies a geo-registered, multi-layer, vector and raster data file that can be displayed by the free Adobe Reader, with additional functionality provided by other free Adobe plugins. With these products, users may manage layers, display and zoom to coordinates, measure distances and areas, interact with GPS devices, collect field data with forms and markups and import and export the forms and markup results. Perhaps more importantly, software exists for consolidating various file formats to produce geospatial PDFs containing layers from many different softwares which can then be distributed to users needing this consolidated view. Two case studies for the use of geospatial PDF in emergency response and underground facility damage prevention will be reviewed. After the 2011 Japanese Tsunami, Hitachi Systems was asked by the Japanese government to provide a way to rapidly disseminate information for use in damage assessment. Geospatial PDF was used to assemble the cadastral, image and infrastructure data needed for this effort. Similarly the state of Pennsylvania’s One Call system has chosen geospatial PDF to consolidate the many utilities data sets needed to insure that construction excavation does not damage critical underground infrastructure.

Abstract
Potential of Public Private Partnership for NSDI Implementation in Pakistan
Special characteristic of spatial information is that it can be shared and used for many other purposes than the one, for which, it was originally produced. To facilitate its efficient sharing and reuse, it needs to be properly managed. This is one of the reasons that many countries are developing National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI). But the challenge of developing a successful NSDI depends largely on its implementation which is so significant that none of the two key stakeholder groups i.e. public or private sectors can address it at their own. However, Public-Private Partnership (PPP) seems to be a means of addressing this most fundamental challenge as many physical infrastructures such as transportation networks, health facilities, education, wired and wireless communication networks are being implemented through PPP approach in countries like Pakistan. Yet the scenario poses the question, what is the potential of PPP for NSDI implementation in Pakistan.

Abstract
The Cadastre of Real Estate as a part of eGovernment and SDI in the Czech Republic
The Czech Office for Surveying, Mapping and Cadastre (COSMC) provides the guaranty and maintenance of the Cadastre of Real Estate in the Czech Republic. The central database and related e-services enable to search up-to-date data of the Cadastre throughout the whole Czech Republic by means of the Internet service „Remote Access to the Cadastre of Real Estate“. Since June 2006, the electronic outputs can be signed by the electronic mark and have the same significance as the public documents issued by cadastral workplaces. In 2010, the Remote Access satisfied 82 % of nearly 6 million requests from the Cadastre. This e-service is used by banks and real estate agencies, municipalities and authorities. Since 2001, the ISKN, related e-services and their interconnection with other eGovernment tools have increased the quality, accessibility and reliability of data and services. The ISKN is an important source of data for the Register of Territorial Identification, Addresses and Real Estate (RUIAN) being under construction since 2010. It will be one of the Base Registers of the Czech Republic to be launched in July 2012. These Registeres will provide reference data for all information systems of the Czech public administration. RUIAN outputs will be available for the public via Internet.

Abstract
Improving groundwater governance using spatial intelligence
Spatial information is ubiquitous to disparate groundwater data such as bore well locations, stratigraphy information, licensing, water quality, storage levels, ecosystems dependence on groundwater. The data is collected, maintained and consumed by a variety of organisations – from government, academic and research organisations to the private sector. Spatial domains such as: remote sensing technology, spatial data models, web mapping, spatial databases and spatial analysis are able to bring this heterogeneous data together and transform it into useful information for decision-making (eg management, forecasting and reporting) at national and local level. Current Challenges Stratigraphic and hydrological data are important inputs to mapping hydrogeological information. Mostly the primary data (Bore information, well information, drillers log, lithology log; and existing stratigraphy ) required to interpret stratigraphy are stored in various formats (for example, text files, spread sheets, ...) which makes it difficult for interpretation. Future Challenges Representing 3D geometry from a spatial database perspective for groundwater data has been a challenge. Although 3D geometry has been well represented for above surface features (3D city models), there are limitations in representing subsurface features such as aquifer which contain groundwater. Absence of remote sensors to depict the reality below ground and limited data models across the 3rd dimension for sub surface features is the problems across this area. There are data models such as ArcHydro groundwater with 2.5 D representation, still the true 3D geometry which includes 3D topology for groundwater related features from a spatial database perspective has to be explored. By representing true 3D geometry the decision makers will be able to analyse (query) the spatial data from a 3D perspective and generate better visualisation from true 3D. Another interesting problem in groundwater related 3D features is the spatial semantics.

Abstract
National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Feasibility Study in Turkey and some important recommendations
Turkish National Spatial Data Infrastructure activities have been started by the motivation of Circular No. 2003/48 which was declared by Turkish Prime Ministry in 2003 within the context of e-Transformation of Turkey Short-term Action Plan. Action No.47 in the mentioned action plan implies that "A Feasibility Study shall be made in order to establish the Turkish National Spatial Data Infrastructure" whose responsibility has been given to General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre. The implementation works of TR NSDI has been started with Modernization of Public Administration - 75 ( KYM-75 ) and Geographic Information System - Infrastructure" project in 2007-2008. Finally, the service of preparing a feasibility study for the implementing Turkish National Spatial Data Infrastructure has been purchased directly from Turksat within context of the Law No. 67 of 5809 under Article. Feasibility report of NSDI has been completed in 10th of Dececmber 2010. After decision of Steering Committee, feasibility report has been send to State Planning Organization for further evaluation. This paper perents some headlines and preliminary results of feasibility report as an indicator during implementation phase.

Abstract
Obviating Spatial Data Needs in Advance by Using Intelligent Agents (IA) (Case Study: Tehran Regional Electric Company)
Access to up-to-date, well-defined and accurate data is the most important factor which plays a critical role in decision making and management for any level of communities. Due to reported statistics, more than 80 percent of data, which organizations operate within, are spatial. But current situation shows that the infrastructure which should be used for obtaining the spatial and non-spatial data in an organization almost is not built, so spatial or non-spatial data users must pass a significant amount of time in order to find the source of their needed data (that may be not found), send their request to them (that they may not respond in a timely manner) and finally prepare the obtained data (both spatial or non-spatial). Regardless of the problems in finding and acquiring the needed data, after preparation, the usability data to availability and accessibility of it, decreases. So in order to obviate the mentioned problems, an infrastructure and mechanism should be made to identify the data sources, retrieve the meta-data, prepare the data and finally present the needed data as services to the right person. This mechanism could be referred to as Intelligent Agents (IA), which is the latest technologies and concepts in Information Technology (IT) and Software Engineering. The aim of this paper is to present and design an Intelligent Agent (IA) based on SOA architecture for Tehran Regional Electric Company (TREC) in order to facilitate and ease of accessing spatial and non-spatial data for decision making and planning.

Abstract
Automatic generation of metadata with Natural Language Processing
The creation of metadata is an essential part of publishing geographical information in a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). Despite its importance, metadata is not always available. If this is the case, the geographical data cannot be properly validated for quality, it’s search ability decreases, and it becomes less (re)usable as information. This paper will present research to investigate the possibilities of automatic metadata generation by means of Natural Language Processing (NLP). The materials used for the research are reports that were created during acquisition and/or analysis of spatial datasets. Although the creation of proper metadata for the datasets is often neglected, reports from the geo data acquisition or analysis are mostly available as they are common deliverable of research projects. Our research is aimed at answering the following questions: to which extent can NLP bridge the availability gap between no metadata and high quality metadata for spatial datasets. In what manner can we tune an existing NLP script for key phrase extraction in order to improve language processing of the reports of the spatial datasets. What are the evident benefits and misses and how to overcome these An overview of the results will be given in the paper.

Abstract
Fast INSPIRE compliant services for provinces of the Netherlands
Dutch GIS software developer IDgis delivered on time INSPIRE View Service and Download Service for the Central Data and Services environment of the joint Dutch Provinces. The deegree 3 service engine which is used in this project is developed by the German GIS company lat/lon which participated in this project. The View Service meets the Quality of Services requirements with flying colors. The INSPIRE Download Service meets the currently available INSPIRE requirements

Bio
Bruce Thompson represents the state of Victoria on the board of PSMA Australia. Bruce is the Chief Information Officer of the Victorian Government’s Department of Sustainability and Environment and was previously the Department’s Director of Spatial Information Infrastructure. He is responsible for development and direction of Victoria's whole-of-Government spatial information strategy and policies, and for the management of the Victoria's spatial information infrastructure. Bruce is actively involved with the development of national spatial policy, and national spatial information industry development as the Victorian member of the Australia New Zealand Land Information Council (ANZLIC).

Abstract
Building Spatial Data Infrastructure to support the achievement of a spatially enabled society
A spatial infrastructure technology project founded on services orientated architecture (SOA) and world-leading technologies, has significantly improved and streamlined the mechanism for collection, assembly and delivery of fundamental geospatial information for Australia. The PSMA Systems project has been effective in reducing delivery times, improving data quality, providing greater flexibility in access to Australia’s authoritative datasets and providing a framework that promotes the extraction of the value inherent in these datasets. PSMA Australia—a company wholly owned by Australia’s federal, six state and two territory governments and responsible for partnerships with industry—has developed PSMA Systems to provide a powerful and flexible automated information management environment. The achievements of the PSMA Systems project include: · The capacity to meet the Australian market’s ever-growing appetite for more frequent and on-demand data updates has been strengthened through: o seamless integration with data custodians (such as state and territory governments), data storage and maintenance environments o expansion of a fully integrated and seamless data storage environment, and o introduction of automated updates and continuous processing of complex interrelated spatial databases. · Customised user profiles enables users to more easily extract data to their requirements. · Creation of an environment that facilitates access to web services that enhance capability, efficiency and productivity. · Creation of a marketplace or platform for spatial services provided by third parties.

Abstract
GIS Department, Dubai Municipality
GIS Department, Dubai Municipality is presently executing the strategic projects Dubai Cadastral Program, Dubai Base Map, Dubai Utility and Analysis System program (UMAS) which includes Dubai Utility Map and Dubai Soil Map to maintain and serve the data in digital form to various government and all the stakeholders. This initiative is in the process of automation of various business processes to synchronize the day to day workflow across various departments. One of the aims is to maintain single repository of data for Emirate of Dubai for access, Query and also for production purposes so that the data always matches with ground truth. Dubai Base map is being executed on frequent basis to update the various feature updates of Dubai along with the Ortho-Rectified imagery with higher resolution. Dubai Cadastral Program is aimed to publish cadastral maps and implement various cadastral procedures to manage and maintain the parcel data with day to day processes. Dubai Utility Maps is an initiative to digital conversion of various utility data as per the standards and automate the construction project management to synchronize the day to day data production to GIS repository of the utility data. This program also includes digital conversion of utility corridors for all utilities of Emirate of Dubai as per standards which can be used in automating No Objection Certificate for utility construction projects. Innovative steps are under progress in generating the Soil Map and Land use decision making system using the borehole strata which is first of its kind. The overall aim of these programs is to synchronize the business workflows of various government and private organizations by maintaining single repository of all the data and single window system to handle all the governmental workflows.

Bio
Ruud van Rossem is senior policy coordinator for geo-information at the Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment in The Netherlands. In that capacity he has served as program manager for several Key Registers. First for the Key Registers of Cadastre and Topography, which are operational by now, and at this moment for the Key Register of Large Scale Topography, which has finished the design phase and is on the brink of realization. Before that he has been working on several developments in the field of e-government and geo-information. He has studied at the Technical University in Delft and received a M.S. in Geodesy in 1989.

Abstract
In The Netherlands a system of key registers is under construction. The ideas developed in the last decennium of the previous century have received political approval around the turn of the century and an ambitious development started some 10 years ago. Aim is to have a number of high quality registers available for all levels of administration in order to save costs, improve service and reduce fraud and evasion. The ministry of Infrastructure and Environment is responsible for a number of key registers in the field of geo-information. At this moment some of these are operational, others are in the phase of design or realization. The development has posed several complex challenges. The most important ones and the way the Dutch have dealt with them will be presented.